Ubuntu seems like it has the best compatibility, but any other suggestions for data wrangling, data analysis, data visualization, and machine learning in Julia, Python and R?
Any distro you are comfortable with.
Which is the correct answer to 99% of questions that start with “Which distro…”
For data science, it depends on what GPU you plan to use. If it’s an Nvidia brand GPU, go with Ubuntu or Fedora. I say from personal experience that it is easier to get Nvidia drivers working on Ubuntu or Fedora than on most other distros I have tried. If it is a Radeon GPU, it will work fine on pretty much any distro at all since Radeon does a good job following Linux standard APIs for graphics card drivers, so for Radeon products I would also recommend Debian or Mint (along side Fedora and Ubuntu).
Did you know you can use distrobox and use any distros package manager? There’s no such thing as “distro x” has the most packages or is supported the best.
Use any distro you want. Atomic distros are the latest thing. Fedora silverblue or opensuse aeon
I recently installed R on my Arch desktop to play with. Any Linux distro could work well if you install the right things, the distro mostly influences how they get installed afaik.
Bottles and docker could be helpful depending on software supports and your needs.
Just use any distro you like and install the packages you need. Done.